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Barbara Billups: Did--oh no I didn't ask you about that one--I'm curious
about that one, but I was asking you about the World War and how it changed
your identity any. Anne Nixon: Well, I can't really say that it did because
I raised my mother evidently raised me to feel that I was just as good. I
could do anything the other guy could do. Right. And I proved it by, you
know, being in among the best in the class. And then when my children came
along, I added to that that in order to get to the top, you're going to
have to be better than the White guy. Billups: Dig that. Nixon: And this is
what my children strived for, and they were able to make it. And they're
all doing good.
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Billups: Okay. Um, did the organization, which is the NAACP, did it change
your attitudes, beliefs or anything such as, I guess, towards your ethnic
group or towards anything really? Nixon: I don't think that I can say that
it changed my attitudes in any way. I really haven't gotten that involved
with it. And even when I get the magazine, I don't read it as faithfully as
I should to know what they're actually doing. Um, I suppose that they are
doing some good. I know when that girl was being accused down there in one
of the Carolinas on that rape case, they stepped in and they. Billups: Why
do I forget her name? Denise Little--no. Littles, Littles Nixon: Some kind
of Little. Billups: No, Little, Little, Little, Dot? No. How could I
forget? Nixon: We're talking about the same girl. Billups: Yeah. Okay. Did
you save any money through this organization, or did you ever take out
insurance through this organization? Or did you ever borrow any money?
Nixon: No. Billups: No kind of transactions, whatsoever? Nixon: Through the
organization? Billups: Uh, right. Nixon: No. Billups: Okay. Um, what was
the ethnic group of your spouse, he was Black? Nixon: Uh, he. He was Black,
but he had no, uh.
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Nixon: Um, he belonged to something where he worked when he was living. I
don't mean when he was living, when he was at the building, but I don't
think that it was anything too important. I think they just had that
organization for the purpose of raising a little money for the men to do
something for each other in case of sickness or death or something like
that. And other than that, he did not belong to anything other than our
church. He did not belong to our church as long as I did, because he only
came to Pittsburgh in 1930. He came from North Carolina, and this was the
first church that he--his brother belonged to that church, his brother and
the brother's family. So [chimes sound] then he came to our church on
account of his brother. And we met in 32 and got married that same year.
And he was very active in church until his job took him away from
Pittsburgh. The last ten years of his life, he had been laid off by the
railroad here in Pittsburgh and could not get employment here and went to
New York City and was able to get the kind of employment with the railroad
that he wanted and lived with our daughter, who lived in New York City at
that time and came home like every couple of weekends or something.
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Billups: I see. So any of your children belong to any kind of
organizations? Do you know of? Nixon: My oldest son at one time used to be
a whatever, the top office of the local thing of the NAACP--president or
whatever it is. He used to be president in--Mama, where do the girls live?
Mama, how come I can't think of? Nixon's Mother: Sacramento. Nixon: No, no,
no. My--my sister in law's--Schenectady, New York. He used to be the--the
president and his wife used to be treasurer at one time, and they were
quite active in the NAACP. Now, the son in California, none of the other
three, I don't recall them being active in any ethnic groups at all.
Billups: Okay. Do you know why? No, I don't. I think the sun out in
California, perhaps his type of work. I know the places where he lived has
kept him out of touch with Blacks because he always lives--I suppose he got
into this habit from when he was in the service and he was an officer, and
the officers were always quartered away from the regular men, you know, And
there was always like two Blacks to 50 Whites. And so he was consequently
constantly thrown in with Whites and then when he came out of the service
and began to live in the community.
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Nixon: He's always still lived in where Whites are! Billups: I see. Okay.
What was the most crucial aspects for you for being--of being Black when
you were growing up? And I think you probably mentioned that already.
Nixon: I probably did. I the only thing that I could call crucial was those
few times when I tried to get jobs and was turned down. Billups: Right. And
you did say that that the Urban League helped you with these problems.
Nixon: Well, they got me a job. Billups: Right. Nixon: It was at a Black
place, though. I never did get a job at a White place, a decent job I
worked at, like I told you at Gammon's. But I was back in the kitchen, you
know, stringing beans and stuff. Billups: How about the NAACP? Did they
ever help you? Nixon: No. Well, see, I wasn't acquainted with them back in
those days. That was the Urban League was the one that I knew then.
Billups: Okay. What is the role of women in your organization, which is the
NAACP? What is the. Nixon: I don't really know because I don't do anything
with the NAACP. All I do is just pay my money. And like I say, I don't get
involved in any way whatsoever.
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Nixon: I don't go to any of their meetings or anything. The only time I've
ever been to any of their meetings was when I was trying to help Tim
Stevens retain his position. They had gotten a new whatever the person is
and the local person director, I guess, or president or something. And he
and Tim were not getting along too well and he was about to throw him out.
And Tim's mother and I have been lifelong friends because we went to school
together. And so I had gone to a couple of meetings with her trying to help
her son stay in there, but the man finally threw him out anyhow. Billups:
Oh, wow. Okay. I like this question. What ethnic group do you feel is
closer to your own? Nixon: Say that again. Billups: Question, what ethnic
group do you think is closer to your own? Nixon: To my own-- Billups: To
the Black ethnic group. Which other ethnic group do you think is closer to
our ethnic group? Nixon: I'm not sure I still understand you. I'm not. I
don't know too many ethnic groups. Let's see. There would be the NAACP and
the Urban League. Billups: No, I'm talking about ethnic groups such as
Jews--Jews. Nixon: Oh, now I'm with you. Now I'm with you. Oh, yes, yes,
yes.
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Nixon: Um hm. That's a hard question. The Jews--I don't know too much
about them, but I know that the women have something they call B'nai
B'rith, don't they? And I don't know what they do, though. Well, you don't
know any more about it than I do. And they have something similar to our
YWCA that's very active, the YM and WHA. Billups: And see what I mean is
what what group of people do you identify with other than Blacks? You know
what I'm saying? Like, for myself, I might think that-- Nixon: You mean
that I'm working with or involved with-- Billups: That I think you might be
closer with like, do you think might be closer with like, sometimes people
might say Jewish people because they had to go through the same. Nixon: Oh,
oh. Billups: You see what I'm saying? Prejudices. Nixon: You're saying What
other group do I think may have problems that are similar to us? Billups:
Right. Or that you may you may identify to other than your own or you think
is closer to your group as being Black. Nixon: People tell me the Jews. But
I can't see that because if you got a White skin-- Billups: Dig that.
Nixon: --you you can't have our problems. So I would rather say, it seems
to me it would either be the Chinese people or the Japanese people or the
Indians, anybody that looks different. Billups: Indians, Puerto Ricans--
Nixon: But if you're White--Puerto Ricans, that's great because they really
in New York City, I'm telling you, they got a problem that is this high.
And my youngest son said that some of them do not realize that their
problem, the solution to their problem lies with us. Billups: Right.
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Nixon: And they try to hang with the Whites. And yet the Whites don't
consider them White and just keep them around like a [??]. He says that
sometime they really get misused very badly. Whereas, of course, we--we've
been here so long that we know what the White man's putting down, you know?
And so then we got his number. I think the Puerto Ricans would probably be
it because the Indians there's not that many. And I don't think there's
that many Japanese and Chinese--not on this side of the coast anyhow.
Perhaps on the East--West coast there would be. Billups: Right. Yeah,
that's a lot-- Nixon: But you really hit the nail with the Puerto Ricans,
yeah. Getting around New York. It's really sad. Billups: Yeah, I was there
like in New York City, like for this past summer, you know, not the whole
summer, but during the spring. And like, Manhattan, it's a lot of Puerto
Ricans around there. Yeah, And they. They have it bad. Nixon: They really
do. Their housing is terrible. Billups: And which--which ethnic group do
you think is more different from yours? Nixon: Um, the most different, I
guess. I guess it would be the the White people who think that they are
derived from the English or something. Billups: Yeah like-- Nixon: They
have a tendency to think they're better than everybody. Billups: I know
what you're talking about. Nixon: Boston. Billups: Uh huh. I'm exactly what
you talking about. Nixon: Right. Right. Billups: Okay. Um. You should have
ended. No, I got a new one. The. That's right. Um, let me see.
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Billups: You gave all this. He pauses. Okay. What class do you identify
with? Low, middle, high?
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Nixon: Um. The very lowest, lowest, lowest level of the middle class.
[laughter] My son is the one that's coming in from New York. He tries to
tell me that I'm a little bit higher than that. And I suppose he's right,
because like I said before, I assume that my--I know that my pension is a
little more comfortable than a lot of people. And so probably they're on
the upper levels of poor. And so that's why I say I'm on the lower level of
of the middle class. I really think that's what I should say. Um. Maybe not
the very bottom right, but somewhere in that area. Billups: I see what
you're saying.
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Billups: So do you think there's any kind of class distinction within this
neighborhood or society? You know what I'm saying? Like, is there a
difference really?
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Nixon: In this neighborhood? I don't think so. Okay, that's good.
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Billups: Um, has your membership in the NAACP affected your chances on
moving to a higher class, do you think?
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Nixon: I doubt that. If I wanted to move to a higher class, I think my
relationship with the organizations that I belong to that are interracial
would help me better on that score. Um, but I'm not interested.
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Billups: I didn't think--right.
Nixon: I'm satisfied where I--I don't see nothing wrong with the Hill.
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Billups: I know. Are there members in your organization that do belong to
the upper class or think they belong to the upper class?
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Nixon: Now, if you're asking me about the NAACP, I still don't know who
belongs. Billups: Okay. But how about your church then? Nixon: I would be
willing to say--in our church we have a small segment of people who think
that they are in the upper class. We have a man, for instance, who was just
recently promoted to manager of one of the EquiBanks. And I'm sure he
probably thinks that he's, you know, pretty hot stuff. And we have a lady
doctor who has just recently, I would say, in the last 2 or 3 years, joined
our church. And I think that she would probably think that she's higher
than some.
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Billups: Yeah I see. Okay. Um. Well, no, that's too--how did your parents
teach you about color consciousness? And you were saying, though, that you
really didn't--you weren't color conscious until recently, right?
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Nixon: That's right. I don't I don't remember my mother ever saying
anything to me about color. And actually, I was in my teens and my peers
taught me that you have to watch White people. Because, see, we always
lived in a Black neighborhood. And I wasn't raised with Whites to to know
that they were tricky or whatever it is that we finally decide that they
are. But when I went to Schenley, then that's when the Black kids started
telling me that you have to watch the White ones, because I was as far as I
was concerned, you know, if if that's an A student, then I'm an A student.
Then we're on a level. That's the way I felt. I didn't want to be bothered
with the E students because they didn't want to go anywhere and they don't
want to do anything. You know, I want to be bothered with the better
element. And this was the way I was going to work things. But then my
friends, my Black friends, they started telling me, No, you can't. You I
mean, you know, you can't just trust White people as a whole. This is what
they would say to me.
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Nixon: And I began taking that in. I was still friendly, but like the rest
of the Blacks, I guess I had my eyes open, you know, and, you know, kind of
watching them. And I also found out that in a few instances the teachers
would do little dirty things to the Black ones to try to keep them behind
or something. Billups: Yeah. Nixon: And I know in my own children were in
junior high school. Naturally, I always wanted them to take all the
academic work that they could because I had my heart set on everybody going
to college and my two older boys could play violins very well, and the
school wanted them to be in the orchestra, but in order to be in the
orchestra, they was going to have to give up something important. I had to
go up there and actually argue with that woman. I told her she's got to be
out of her mind. I said, Why? They can play an orchestra any old time, but
this is it for now. They got to take their math and their English and
whatever. All those important things were. You know, I wasn't following.
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Billups: That's what they're doing for athletes now, you know, I mean,
they put that first, right? Like, you know, it's just like they don't have
to know anything. Only reason they're in college so they can play on the
teams.
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Nixon: Everyone else is doing their work and handing in their papers and
getting their marks. That's bad. That's bad. Because when you wear out as
an athlete, you got nothing-- Billups: Yeah, dig it. Nixon: --up here.
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Billups: Nothing at all, You know, where are you going to work?
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Nixon: That's right. Unless you make an awful lot of money. And then you
got to be smart enough to know what to do with it, to keep it looking. Joe
Lewis, all the money he made and somebody just dug him right out of almost
every penny.
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Billups: That's pathetic. Now, how old did you say you were again? 63?
Nixon: Yes Billups: 63. So you were born when?
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Nixon: 1912.
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Billups: 1912. So that means that you wouldn't really remember the steel
strike in 1919, huh?
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Nixon: In Pittsburgh, huh? Billups: Yeah. Nixon: We weren't here then. We
didn't come to Pittsburgh until 22.
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Billups: 22? Nixon: Yeah. Billups: Oh, I see. Okay. Do you remember the
racial disturbances in the 40s?
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Nixon: Racial disturbances?
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Billups: See you might not have got even any kind of whiff of it because
you're in a Black neighborhood.
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Nixon: Right. Right. The only racial disturbances that I know of in the
Hill district here is when Martin Luther King died. We had all those. What
was that? That was in the late 60s. Yeah, 60s. Billups: I remember that.
Nixon: They bombed every White store.
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Billups: I remember that.
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Nixon: Oh, I'll remember that forever and ever, I guess.
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Billups: Okay, well, how do you feel about the younger Black movement
since Martin Luther King?
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Nixon: I think it has done a great deal of good. I think it's a very good
thing. And I'm glad that now it has lost a lot of its militancy. Martin
Luther King was not for that. Billups: Right, that's true. Nixon: He
accomplished a great deal in his way. And I really thought that the
militant attitude was a bad one because there's not enough of us Blacks and
we don't have enough stuff to be that militant. You know. Billups: I see
what you're saying. Nixon: And so I really appreciated it when they began
to quiet down on that. And I think it has. I don't know when we'll have
another leader as strong as Martin Luther King, but I don't think that the
momentum has--it has slowed down, but I don't think it has stopped. I think
we're still making progress. Billups: Right. Okay.
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Billups: And what do you remember of the sections of the Hill District
called Arthursville, Minersville, and Haiti? Do you remember any sections
being called that? I never heard about it before.
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Nixon: I remember a Minersville school. It used to be right down there on
Centre Avenue. I don't remember sections of the Hill. Haiti?
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Billups: I haven't even heard of that myself. I mean, I haven't been here
that long, but I haven't even heard it talked about.
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Nixon: No, I don't remember. Sections called that. [chimes sound] This is
called Herron Hill. The next section right over there is Schenley Heights,
and over that way they used to call that Gazzam Hill. I don't hear anyone
use that expression anymore. But before the projects was put there, they
used to call that Gazzam Hill. Okay.
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Billups: Has your life been affected any by changes in the Hill District?
What kind of changes were there in the Hill District?
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Nixon: Well, the biggest changes have been down in the Lower Hill where
they tore out the houses and built the civic arena and the Boy Scouts thing
and Washington Plaza and all that. But it has not disturbed my life in one
way or the other. I didn't have to move anywhere or anything, you know?
And, um, fortunately or unfortunately, when they tore down lower Wiley
where all the really bad element was, for some reason, the bulk of that
moved to Homewood instead of up here. [laughter]
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Billups: That's weird.
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Nixon: So we missed out on that, thank goodness. And Homewood, they they
really are have suffered. You know, they're trying to get up out from under
it but it's kind of hard.
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Billups: Mhm. Okay. Um, what do you think was the most significant event
or occasion that happened to Black people in, in Pittsburgh or the Black
community in Pittsburgh?
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Nixon: I would like to say the, the riots and things.
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Billups: Not that you can say that.
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Nixon: That, but on the other hand it got the White people out of the
area, but then the remaining Blacks have not banded together enough to
bring the neighborhood up then. You know, they just leave it sitting there
in the ruins. And I think that's very bad. And I have on occasions I'm a
public speaker and I have, uh, spoken on that subject once or twice. And I
really think that we ought to be doing more than what we are. There are
some areas of the city Homewood-Brushton, for instance, is doing more to
help themselves.
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Billups: That's what you got to do. You got to help yourself before
anybody else will, you know?
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Nixon: So I really think we're missing the boat there, but I don't know
what we can do about it. We're getting ready to get a shopping center down
by Hill City, and I don't know if that's going to help out a whole lot
because. I myself. I'm so in the habit now of going to the A&P and the
Kroger's across Bloomfield Bridge. I don't know if I'll go.
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Billups: Um. Okay. Who were the most outstanding individuals in the Black
community? You know, in Pittsburgh. Can you think of any? How about now? If
you can't think of any, then.
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Nixon: When are we referring to when you say then, when?
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Billups: Back when you were growing up in Pittsburgh.
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Nixon: I guess, when I was growing up. Judge Homer Brown was a big name to
the Blacks because I think during that period of time, he was the only he
was about the highest Black somebody we had in this immediate area. And
later on, Mr. Utterback became an attorney and was quite well known. And he
was. I guess. Did his share of whatever. But, um, it seemed to me that the
preachers seemed to have the most influence. They. Seem to be leading. Now,
I may be saying this simply because the bulk of my interest all my life has
been in church and I have not been that involved in other things. So I--
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Billups: Well this is your opinion anyway.
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Nixon: Yes. Um hum. Okay. It's possible. And I like the YWCA, for
instance, it has had Black women in there further back than I realized
because next Sunday I have to give a talk at a tea at Hill House on the
impact of the the YWCA on the Black women or something. I have the material
over there somewhere that I'm going to use, but I don't have time to get
started on it until Thursday. But from some of that material, it sounds
like Black women go back a little further than I had, you know, had known.
And so I probably don't really know what Black people were doing because I
was more or less just involved in church. And that was about all.
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Billups: I see. So how about now? Who do you think is outstanding now?
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Nixon: Gee, I don't know too much more even now, because the people that I
know are still mostly ministers, you know. I'm trying to think. I know that
Judge Homer Brown's son is an attorney and that he's rather influential in
helping the churches out whenever they may have a legal problem, like if
they want to buy property or something or other. He has made himself
available, I know, to our church to help us on the legal problems,
whatever. And I don't think Mr. Utterback, I believe he has either retired
or is getting ready to or something. And the man who works with NEED, I met
him and I can't remember his name. He must be doing a pretty good job
because they had a very, very good dinner. I tell you somebody, this is
still church, though. A Reverend Benny Goodwin. I don't know if you've
heard of him. He is a young minister and I don't know how many years back,
but I get the impression that it's not more than about ten years back. He
and his wife had occasion to go to Haiti, and they saw what a sad situation
it was over there. And they came back to the United States and had spent
the bulk of their time organizing various groups within and without of the
church to help Haiti. And they go all over the country and make speeches
and tell about the conditions and everything.
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Nixon: And they influenced our church to build a nutrition center in
Haiti. It will be operational within the next month or so, and we will be
feeding and taking care of children from the age of one through five. And
we will also teach their mothers how to prepare whatever foods are
available over there in a more nutritional manner so that their children
will get a better start in life. And we're also going to teach the men how
to farm on whatever tillable land there is and raise more things that can
be used. They don't have too much tillable land. I've been there two years
ago when our church first started this project, a group of us went to Haiti
and saw the land that we had bought and dedicated our land. And we heard a
lot of facts about Haiti, you know, and it's quite hilly and quite rocky,
so there isn't too much tillable land, but there is some, and the people
just need to be trained and taught. Billups: Oh, I see. Nixon: We're going
back this July and see our building and dedicate it and we're going to
bring back pictures of the children and we're going to ask the members of
the church to adopt a child.
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Billups: Oh, that's nice. Oh, y'all on the ball. Okay. How do you feel
about Amos and Andy? [laughs]
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Nixon: At the time that they were on, I enjoyed them. But when people
began to object to them, I could see their objections.
00:25:13.000 --> 00:25:21.000
Billups: What did they object to him? Because all I all I did was hear
hear about them. I never heard any details about them or anything?
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Nixon: Well, what the people what the Black people objected to was the
fact that they were two White men posing as Black men.
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Billups: They were White?
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Nixon: Yes, they definitely were White. And when they tried to transfer
their program from radio to TV, because, see, originally they were radio
before TV's Time. And when they tried to transfer it to TV, then they
Blacked their faces. And that really made the Black people mad. You know,
it just didn't go over at all. But in their heyday, I don't think the Black
community was really upset at first. We we enjoyed them, you know, and they
sounded like Black people. And they we didn't really from the radio. You
could use your imagination better than you do from TV and you were not
quite so aware of the fact that they were White people imitating us. And so
we just gave ourselves over to enjoying the program. And oh my. When when
one of them was in jail one time, why people would get off from work.
They'd be talking about it on the street car, you know, could hardly wait
to get home from work to turn on the radio to see what was happening to
whichever one of them was was in jail or something. But at the end of their
radio career, and especially when they began trying to transfer it over to
the television, then the Black people began to get alarmed about it and
really got upset. And I could see that. Actually when I was in my teen
years in high school. Are you familiar with Paul Laurence Dunbar's poetry?
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Billups: Oh, wow, I mean, I know I know a lot of them, but I could point
them out right now.
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Nixon: Some of them he does in the dialect. In the Negro dialect.
00:26:52.000 --> 00:26:53.000
Billups: Yeah. Yeah.
00:26:53.000 --> 00:26:55.000
Nixon: That had been spoken I think back in slavery times.
00:26:55.000 --> 00:27:00.000
Billups: It's hard for me to really actually, I mean, I can understand
when I read it, but it's hard for me to say it.
00:27:00.000 --> 00:27:44.000
Nixon: Well, I found out in high school that I had the talent to say that,
and I used to say a few poems and the Black children, Colored kids then
didn't like for me to do it because they felt that it was a disgrace on our
people, you know? And I remember that they very definitely were. And I
didn't give them no problem. I mean, you know, they they felt bad about it.
So I quit. And I did--only because I was doing it before Whites. That was
the thing that they objected to when I would do it at church or, you know,
around at other Black churches and all, nobody minded, but they didn't like
for me to do it before White people. And I think this is the same thing
that the Amos and Andy thing was bringing up, the mere fact that they were
imitating us and yet they were White. If it had probably been a couple of
Black guys, maybe nobody would have objected as badly.
00:27:44.000 --> 00:27:47.000
Billups: Well, how do you feel about Blacks on TV shows and commercials
now?
00:27:47.000 --> 00:28:10.000
Nixon: Well, I think we're doing a good job now. We are in a position now
where we don't have to pretend, you know, that we're White. We just go
ahead and be our own thing. Right. And I think we're doing a great job. I
saw Flip Wilson's special. Last week at somebody's house. I saw most of it
and I thought he was just fabulous. And I really don't like him that well.
[laughs]
00:28:10.000 --> 00:28:11.000
Billups: I know you, after a while--
00:28:11.000 --> 00:28:14.000
Nixon: [??] show. I thought he was real great. I don't like his Geraldine
thing.
00:28:14.000 --> 00:28:19.000
Billups: You get tired. I used to like him, but I got--it got kind of
monotonous after a while, but I think people still like it, you know?
00:28:19.000 --> 00:28:24.000
Nixon: And I don't like his throw off on the church when he gets up there.
He's preaching. I don't like that.
00:28:24.000 --> 00:28:26.000
Billups: I didn't think you would.
00:28:26.000 --> 00:28:29.000
Nixon: But I tell you who I do like is Bill Cosby. And I think he is
super.
00:28:29.000 --> 00:28:30.000
Billups: I think he's magnificent with kids, too.
00:28:30.000 --> 00:28:40.000
Nixon: He really is. You know. Danny Kaye and the United States sent him
all over the world on a good--goodwill tour or something or other with the
children.
00:28:40.000 --> 00:28:41.000
Billups: For soldiers. And for soldiers too?
00:28:41.000 --> 00:29:02.000
Nixon: No, he was mostly with the children. I didn't quite understand the
program, but it was like a goodwill thing where he would go in. He had a
way with children just like Bill Cosby. Well, I think Bill Cosby is better
than him. And he was really great. He had the children singing one of those
songs, something about all the children of the world.
00:29:02.000 --> 00:29:04.000
Billups: I think I know what you're talking about.
00:29:04.000 --> 00:29:19.000
Nixon: And another song he had the children do. He was really fabulous
with children. This Danny Kaye was. But I think Bill Cosby is as good, if
not better. He is really good. When I see those commercials of his--
Billups: Oh, they're fabulous. I don't believe that. Nixon: And they jammed
them down their throats.
00:29:19.000 --> 00:29:20.000
Billups: He's just so natural with them.
00:29:20.000 --> 00:29:22.000
Nixon: Yes, yes he really is.
00:29:22.000 --> 00:29:35.000
Billups: Okay. In the 1920s, membership in the Ku Klux Klan was over
6,000,000 in the United States. Nixon: My goodness. Billups: There are
probably that many now. [laughter] Nixon: Undercover! Billups: Do you
remember any of their activities?
00:29:35.000 --> 00:30:23.000
Nixon: No, I don't remember hearing about the Ku Klux Klan until I guess I
must have been maybe in high school or something. And we began hearing just
a little bit about how they were treating the Blacks in the South and that
they were being lynched and things of that kind. But I don't think we
really heard enough for us to get really alarmed about it. I've heard more
about the active activities of what the Ku Klux Klan used to do since
Martin Luther King, you know, really began to bring the Blacks out into
their own than what I had ever heard before. I don't know anyone of my
personal acquaintance who knows anybody who had a personal experience with
the Ku Klux Klan.
00:30:23.000 --> 00:30:25.000
Billups: I see. I see.
Nixon: It's just all hearsay.
00:30:25.000 --> 00:31:25.000
Speaker3: Right. Let me turn this over.
