Guide to the United Electrical, Radio, and Machine Workers of America (UE) Records 1936-2006 UE

Arrangement

Repository
ULS Archives & Special Collections
Title
United Electrical, Radio, and Machine Workers of America (UE) Records
Creator
United Electrical, Radio and Machine Workers of America
Collection Number
UE
Extent
3750 Linear Feet (3,000 boxes)
Date
1936-2006
Abstract
The United Electrical, Radio, and Machine Workers of America (UE) formed in 1936 and is still active today as one of America's largest independent labor unions. The Archives Service Center is the national repository for the records of the UE, which include correspondence, publications, photographs and a variety of research material from the international, district and local offices of the UE, spanning from its early beginnings to present day.
Language
English .
Author
Zachary Brodt.
Publisher
ULS Archives & Special Collections
Address
University of Pittsburgh Library System
Archives & Special Collections
Website: library.pitt.edu/archives-special-collections
Contact Us: www.library.pitt.edu/ask-archivist
URL: http://library.pitt.edu/archives-special-collections

History

The United Electrical, Radio, and Machine Workers of America (UE), formed in 1936, was one of the first labor unions to affiliate with the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) in 1938. The union, taking advantage of disgruntled war-time workers who were tired of working long hours for low wages, greatly increased its membership throughout the 1940s by providing support in contract negotiations with companies. Sometimes these negotiations led to strikes at major companies such as Westinghouse and General Electric.

Another reason the union became so popular in the 1940s was that it stood up for its members. From its very beginnings, the union encouraged equal rights for all workers. UE created committees to ensure that its African-American and women members were receiving equal hours and pay when compared to their white male counterparts. In addition, the union also allowed all of its members to get involved in decision making. Part of the union's appeal to workers was that it was democratic. The members met at annual national conventions to vote on by-law changes, policies, and programs affecting the entire union.

In 1947, the Taft-Hartley Act was drafted which, among other things, required union leaders to swear that they were not Communists. The UE leadership refused to sign these affidavits because they declared them unconstitutional, thus furthering the union's reputation as a Communist organization. In 1949, the CIO decided to cut ties with all unions that did not comply with Taft-Hartley and, in return, the UE boycotted the actions of the CIO by refusing to pay dues. The UE, as a newly independent union, came to the aid of another banished union, the United Farm Equipment Workers, in 1949 and incorporated many of their locals into the UE. In response to the UE's departure, the CIO created the International Union of Electrical, Radio and Machine Workers (IUE) headed by former UE president James Carey. The UE and IUE spent much of the 1950s battling over members in the form of National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) elections, as well as personal attacks on leaders of both unions.

Also during the 1950s, the UE was attacked by the federal government during the House Un-American Activities Committee and Subversive Activities Control Board hearings. Several UE members, including Director of Organizing James Matles and Secretary-Treasurer Julius Emspak, were forced to testify during these meetings. Many members pled their Fifth Amendment right to not name themselves as members of the Communist Party during these hearings, often resulting in contempt charges. Matles was even threatened with deportation. Meanwhile, as UE leaders were distracted by Congress, other unions were replacing UE locals at shops nationwide. This "raiding" not only included the IUE, but also the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers and the United Auto Workers.

During the 1960s, the UE and IUE, after the departure of Carey, began to work together to gain national contracts for its workers at large companies like General Electric. The UE supported labor solidarity which it furthered in 1992 when it entered an alliance with Mexico's Authentic Labor Front (FAT) in which they began to collaborate in educational and organizing projects. In recent years the UE has included municipal workers in its ranks and the union is still very active within the international labor community.

Scope and Content Notes

In 1975, the Archives of Industrial Society at the University of Pittsburgh was selected by the UE General Executive Board to be the national repository for the union's records. Since that time the UE national office, districts, and locals have donated their records to the Archives Service Center. This finding aid is meant to serve as a guide to the entire UE collection. Within the collection, records have been arranged into record groups, subgroups, and series to both make the collection more manageable and to properly reflect the original use of the documents. Many of the finding aids for these smaller groupings are being developed and placed online by the Archives Service Center.

Included in this collection are correspondence from national officers and staff, organizers, and locals; publications created by the national union and shop papers created by locals; and research material such as clippings, publications, and reports regarding companies, communism, and other labor issues. Also present are photographs documenting UE events and members from the union's founding to the present, as well as cartoons and films addressing several important topics within the labor movement.

Arrangement

Record Group UE 1. General Officers Records

Record Group UE 2. General Executive Board

Record Group UE 3. Conventions

Record Group UE 4. General Office Files

Record Group UE 5. Conference Boards

Record Group UE 6. Washington Office

Record Group UE 7. Organizing Department

Record Group UE 8. Education and Publicity Department

Record Group UE 9. Legal Department

Record Group UE 10. Research Department

Record Group UE 11. International Department

Record Group UE 12. UE News

Record Group UE 13. Fred Wright Papers

Record Group UE 14. Photographs

Record Group UE 15. Districts and Regions

Record Group UE 16. Locals

Access Restrictions

Records of the United Electrical, Radio, and Machine Workers of America are closed for a period of twenty-five years after their creation. Subgroup UE 9-3 Health and Safety is restricted until further processing can be completed.

Acquisition Information

These materials have been donated to the Archives Service Center by the United Electrical, Radio, and Machine Workers of America in several accessions dating from 1975 to the present.

Previous Citation

United Electrical, Radio, and Machine Workers of America (UE) Records, 1936-2006, UE, Archives Service Center, University of Pittsburgh

Preferred Citation

United Electrical, Radio, and Machine Workers of America (UE) Records, 1936-2006, UE, Archives & Special Collections, University of Pittsburgh Library System

Processing Information

This collection was processed by Archives Service Center staff from 1976 to the present.

Copyright

The University of Pittsburgh holds the property rights to the material in this collection, but the copyright may still be held by the original creator/author. Researchers are therefore advised to follow the regulations set forth in the U.S. Copyright Code when publishing, quoting, or reproducing material from this collection without the consent of the creator/author or that go beyond what is allowed by fair use.

Related Material

The following Archives Service Center collections contain records on the United Electrical, Radio, and Machine Workers of America or its members:

Thomas J. Quinn Papers, 1947-92, AIS.1973.09, Archives & Special Collections, University of Pittsburgh Library System

Margaret Darin Stasik Papers, 1936-1945, AIS.1973.32, Archives & Special Collections, University of Pittsburgh Library System

George Kirschner on the American Safety Razor Corporation Strike of 1954 Collection, 1952-1972, AIS.1988.16, Archives & Special Collections, University of Pittsburgh Library System

Charles J. McCollester on the 1981-82 Electrical Workers Strike at Westinghouse Airbrake Company (Wilmerding, Pa and Swissvale, Pa)Collection, 1981-83, AIS.1988.18, Archives & Special Collections, University of Pittsburgh Library System

Evelyn O. Darin Papers, 1954-1960, AIS.1988.19, Archives & Special Collections, University of Pittsburgh Library System

Electrical Workers of Western Pennsylvania Oral History Project Records, 1976-1977, AIS.1991.15, Archives & Special Collections, University of Pittsburgh Library System

Sol Berman Collection, 1940, AIS.2000.06, Archives & Special Collections, University of Pittsburgh Library System

Charles Newell Papers, 1940-1959, AIS.2005.07, Archives & Special Collections, University of Pittsburgh Library System

Anna Simak Collection, 1918-1953, AIS.2004.02, Archives & Special Collections, University of Pittsburgh Library System

Separated Material

VHS, U-Matic, and audio cassettes are in Media Storage along with film reels, audio reels, slides, and Local 107 photographs.

Individual issues of the People's Press and the UE News, both on paper and microfilm, have been cataloged and are housed at the Archives Service Center. Audio cassettes containing news broadcasts regarding labor struggles can be found with other cassettes from labor collections in the audio cabinet.

Subjects

    Corporate Names

    • General Electric Company
    • International Union of Electrical, Radio and Machine Workers
    • Congress of Industrial Organizations (U.S.)
    • Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company

    Personal Names

    • Gruber, Samuel
    • Fitzgerald, Albert J.
    • Harley, Hugh
    • Hovis, John
    • Hupman, Ernest
    • Hupman, Pearl
    • Jandreau, Leonard
    • Kane, James
    • Kirkwood, Robert C.
    • Markland, Lemuel
    • Nelson, John
    • Newell, Amy
    • Newell, Charles
    • Nixon, Russ
    • Riskin, Benjamin
    • Rivers, Charles
    • Scribner, David
    • Scribner, Sylvia
    • Sentner, William
    • Spero, Nathan
    • Struck, Arthur
    • Quinn, Thomas J.
    • Wright, Fred
    • Young, Ruth
    • Matles, James J.
    • Bruno, Edmund
    • Barry, Walter
    • Block, Boris
    • Carey, James B.
    • Davis, David
    • DeMaio, Ernest
    • Dowling, Lyle
    • Dunham, Roger
    • Emspak, Julius

    Genres

    • Slides (Photographs)
    • Photographs
    • Correspondence
    • Newspapers
    • Audiocassettes
    • Audiotapes
    • Videocassettes
    • Videotapes

    Other Subjects

    • Labor unions -- United States -- Officials and employees
    • Labor unions -- United States -- History
    • Electric industry workers -- Labor unions -- United States -- Congresses -- Periodicals
    • Labor unions -- Organizing -- United States -- History
    • Labor
    • Labor unions -- United States -- Records and correspondence
    • Electric industry workers -- Labor unions -- United States -- History
    • Electric industry workers -- United States -- Congresses -- Periodicals

Container List

Record Group 1. General Officers Records

Scope and Contents note

This record group contains correspondence and other materials generated or acquired during an individual's term in office as General President, Secretary-Treasurer, or Director of Organization. Documents from these individuals prior to their term may be found in other record groups, such as UE.7.3 Organizers Records. Records from during their term may also be located in UE.4.2 International Officers Correspondence. Please see finding aid for details.

Record Group 5. Conference Boards

Scope and Contents note

The materials in this large record group were collected for and generated during conference board meetings between the UE and companies that held national contracts with the union. The purpose of conference boards was to coordinate collective bargaining activities, designate negotiating committees, and determine whether or not strikes should be called to obtain satisfactory agreements. Included are meeting minutes, contracts, correspondence, research, and negotiations. Please see finding aid for details.

Record Group 11. International Department

Scope and Contents note

This record group contains correspondence, reports, publications, and clippings regarding the UE and United States' involvement in international labor relations. Please see finding aid for details.

Record Group 12. UE News

Scope and Contents note

This record group contains research and correspondence regarding subscription information and articles within the People's Press and UE News. UE.14.1 UE News Photographs and UE.13 Fred Wright Papers contain materials used to illustrate the publication. UE.8.3 Publicity Department Files also contain press releases created by the UE. In addition, issues of the People's Press and UE News have been cataloged and exist at the Archives Service Center in paper and microfilm. Please see finding aid for details.

Record Group 13. Fred Wright Papers

Scope and Contents note

Fred Wright was the staff cartoonist for the UE from 1949 to 1984. His cartoons appeared in the UE News, union pamphlets, local shop papers, and animated films. This record group includes many original Wright drawings, in addition to publication layouts, correspondence, and cartoon proofs. Many of these cartoons appeared in UE.12 UE News and UE.8.1 Publications. Some of Fred Wright's animated videos are in UE.8.2 UE Radio Broadcasts and Film Records. The ULS also created the Web site Drawing on the American Labor Movement which features some of Wright's cartoons. Please see finding aid for details.

Record Group 15. Districts and Regions

Scope and Contents note

This record group includes any files donated from UE districts or regions. Many of these contain correspondence from district officers and meeting minutes from the district council. Each district and region has its own subgroup within the record group. Regions have recently been created to replace the districts and no regional records have been deposited at this time. Additional information on districts can be found in UE.4.1 Districts and Locals. For details on District 1, District 2, District 3, District 4, District 5, District 6, District 7, District 8, District 9, District 10, and District 11 please see their corresponding finding aids.

Record Group 16. Locals

Scope and Contents note

This record group contains any documents donated by UE locals. Included are correspondence, minutes, reports, and publications. Many locals have their own subgroup within the record group and several others have been grouped together in a subgroup concerning defunct locals. Another subgroup contains the charter applications of several prospective locals. Additional information on locals can be found in UE.4.1 Districts and Locals. For details on Local 107, Local 124, Local 190F, Local 219, Local 223, Local 274, Local 277, Local 284, Local 291, Local 299, Local 506, Local 601, Local 610, Local 618, Local 647, Local 758, Local 764, Local 765, Local 767, Local 777, Local 790, Local 791, Local 794, Local 798, Local 896,Local 925, Local 1014, Local 1015, Local 1139, Local 1150, Local 1180, Local 1202 and Local 1421, please see their finding aids.